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Semaglutide: A Breakthrough for Weight Loss and Diabetes Management
Semaglutide
Eileen Quinones
•
15 mins read
• Oct 4, 2024
Semaglutide has been making waves in the world of weight loss and diabetes management. Originally developed for type 2 diabetes, this medication has shown promising results in helping people shed excess weight. In this blog, we'll dive into what Semaglutide is, how it works, its benefits, and what you need to know before using it.
Obesity Epidemic in the USA (Includes Statistics and FDA Data)
The U.S. is facing a growing crisis of diet-related chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. Poor nutrition is a major contributor, particularly in racial and ethnic minority groups, low-income populations, and rural areas.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the risks for people with obesity and related conditions, who experienced more severe symptoms. In 2021, the CDC reported sharp increases in Body Mass Index (BMI), especially in children and those already overweight.¹
Obesity is a widespread and costly issue, affecting 1 in 5 children and 2 in 5 adults in the U.S. It increases the risk of conditions like heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers, costing the healthcare system $173 billion annually. Obesity also impacts military readiness, with only 2 in 5 young adults meeting weight requirements for basic training.²
Key Factors Contributing to Obesity:
Less than 1 in 10 people eat the recommended amount of vegetables.
Fewer than 1 in 4 youths get enough aerobic exercise.
Only 1 in 4 adults meet physical activity guidelines.
While these statistics may seem bleak, there’s hope. New medical breakthroughs have provided powerful tools to fight this crisis, and one of the most promising is Semaglutide.
Semaglutide: A Surprising Breakthrough in Weight Loss?³
The GLP-1 class of drugs was inspired by a hormone found in the venom of the Gila monster, called exendin-4, which led to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists like Byetta®. However, semaglutide itself is a synthetic version of human GLP-1, not directly from lizard venom. In 1995, a scientist discovered that hormones found in the venom of the Gila monster could help regulate blood sugar. By 2005, researchers had developed a synthetic version of one of these hormones, known as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, which could be used to treat type 2 diabetes. This breakthrough led to the development of drugs like Byetta®, Victoza®, and Saxenda®, all of which helped control blood sugar and promote weight loss. However, they required daily injections, which made them less convenient.
That’s when Danish pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk developed semaglutide, a longer-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist. Initially designed to treat type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was first tested in mice, then moved to human clinical trials. In these trials, researchers noticed an interesting side effect—patients were losing weight. This unexpected benefit led to further studies on semaglutide’s potential as a weight-loss drug.
Semaglutide was approved by the FDA in 2017 under the brand name Ozempic for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It was later approved as Wegovy in 2021 for chronic weight management, making it a popular choice for people looking to lose weight.
How long has semaglutide been used?
Ozempic was FDA-approved in 2017 for type 2 diabetes and is often used off-label for weight loss.
Wegovy was FDA-approved in 2021 specifically for weight loss.
Because of its effectiveness, semaglutide has become increasingly popular. Compounded versions (which are not FDA-approved) are now available through specialized pharmacies to meet the rising demand.
But how exactly does Semaglutide help people lose weight? The answer lies in the science behind its mechanism of action.
How Semaglutide Works: The Science Behind the Weight Loss
Semaglutide is a type of drug known as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. GLP-1 is a hormone naturally produced in the body that helps regulate blood sugar by stimulating insulin production and slowing down the release of another hormone called glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels.
When you take semaglutide, it binds to GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, stimulating insulin production and reducing glucagon release. This combination helps to lower blood sugar levels, especially after meals. In addition to controlling blood sugar, semaglutide also slows down the rate at which the stomach empties, helping you feel full longer. This reduces appetite, making it easier to eat less, which is one reason why it’s effective for weight loss.
Key benefits of semaglutide:
Better control of blood sugar levels.
Reduced appetite and cravings.
Slower gastric emptying, leading to longer-lasting feelings of fullness.
Weight loss as a result of reduced calorie intake.
When used alongside a healthy diet and regular exercise, semaglutide can lead to long-term weight loss and improved metabolic health.
While weight loss is a significant benefit, Semaglutide offers more than just that. It provides a range of health improvements that make it a valuable treatment for various conditions.³
Why Semaglutide is More Than Just a Weight Loss Drug
Semaglutide offers a range of benefits, particularly for weight loss and cardiovascular health. In clinical trials, participants taking semaglutide for weight loss experienced an average reduction in body weight of up to 17.4% over a 68-week period. This is a significant result, especially compared to other weight loss drugs.⁴
Semaglutide also provides cardiovascular benefits. In people with diabetes or obesity, the drug has been shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes. In one large study, participants who took semaglutide had a 26% lower risk of heart-related problems compared to those who didn’t.⁵
The drug has also been shown to lower cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation, both of which are important for heart health. These additional benefits make semaglutide an attractive option for people not only looking to lose weight but also aiming to improve their overall health.
One of Semaglutide’s most notable effects is its ability to help regulate blood sugar, which is especially important for those with type 2 diabetes.
Semaglutide and Blood Sugar: How It Helps Your Body Work Better
Semaglutide helps control blood sugar levels by enhancing the body’s ability to use insulin more effectively. It also lowers the amount of sugar the liver produces and reduces appetite by slowing the emptying of the stomach, making you feel full longer.
Understanding how Semaglutide works is essential, but how is it taken? Let’s dive into the details of dosage and delivery.
Taking Semaglutide: What You Need to Know About Dosage and Delivery⁶
Semaglutide is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin) once a week.
The dosage for semaglutide will vary depending on whether you are using it for type 2 diabetes or weight loss. The general dosing guidelines are:
For type 2 diabetes: Start with 0.25 mg injected once a week for 4 weeks. Your doctor may increase the dose as needed, but it typically won’t exceed 2 mg per week.
For weight management: Start with 0.25 mg injected once a week, with the dose gradually increased every 4 weeks, up to a maximum of 2.4 mg per week.
It’s important to follow the dosing and administration schedule prescribed by your healthcare provider to ensure the medication works effectively.
For more detailed information on dosage guidelines, check out our Semaglutide Dosage Chart blog.
Once you start taking Semaglutide, you might wonder—how long will it take to see results?
When Will You See Results? Your Semaglutide Timeline.
Short-term effects (1-4 weeks):
During the first few weeks, you may notice a decrease in appetite and begin to feel fuller after eating. This early reduction in hunger often leads to the first signs of weight loss.
Medium-term effects (5-20 weeks):
As the dose of semaglutide is gradually increased, its effects become more pronounced. Most people will see steady and significant weight loss during this period.
Long-term effects (20+ weeks):
For many, the benefits of semaglutide extend beyond the initial months. With continued use, people experience sustained weight loss and improvements in their metabolic health. However, it’s crucial to continue a healthy eating and exercise routine for lasting results.
Factors that influence how fast semaglutide works:
Metabolism: Individuals with higher metabolic rates may process the medication faster, requiring higher doses to achieve desired effects. Conversely, those with slower metabolisms may experience longer-lasting effects.
Adherence: Following your prescribed treatment plan and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are key to seeing the full benefits of semaglutide.
While the results are promising, it’s important to be aware of potential side effects. Let’s take a closer look at what you might experience and how to manage them.
Side Effects and Safety of Semaglutide³
Like any medication, semaglutide can cause side effects, but most are mild and tend to improve as your body adjusts. Here’s what to expect and tips to manage them:
Common Side Effects:
Nausea: Often occurs early on but usually decreases with time.
Vomiting: Some users experience this, particularly in the beginning.
Diarrhea or Constipation: Digestive upset, including diarrhea or constipation, is possible.
Abdominal Pain: Mild to moderate stomach pain may occur.
How to Manage Them:
For Nausea: Start with a lower dose, eat small meals, and avoid rich or spicy foods. Ginger or peppermint tea can also help.
For Vomiting: Stick to bland foods like crackers and stay hydrated.
For Diarrhea or Constipation: Drink plenty of water. For constipation, increase fiber intake and exercise lightly.
For Abdominal Pain: Light physical activity, like walking, and over-the-counter antacids (with doctor approval) can help.
Serious but Rare Side Effects:
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use may lower B12 levels; consider B12-rich foods or supplements.
Thyroid Tumors: A rare risk based on animal studies. People with a history of thyroid cancer should avoid it.
Pancreatitis: Watch for sudden, severe abdominal pain and seek immediate medical help.
Gallbladder Issues: Sudden sharp pain in the upper abdomen may signal gallbladder problems.
When to Seek Help:
If you experience severe or persistent side effects, such as intense stomach pain or symptoms of low blood sugar, contact your doctor immediately.
Reassurance:
Most side effects are mild and fade as your body adjusts. Work with your healthcare provider to manage any discomfort. The benefits of semaglutide, including weight loss and improved blood sugar control, often outweigh these temporary effects.
It’s also important to consider whether Semaglutide might interact with other medications you’re taking. Let’s explore how it fits into a broader medication plan.
Will Semaglutide Interact with My Other Medications? What You Need to Know
Because semaglutide slows down the emptying of the stomach, it can affect how other medications are absorbed. In general, it doesn’t interfere with many common medications like birth control pills, metformin, or blood pressure medications. There is limited evidence regarding interactions with levothyroxine, but semaglutide can slow gastric emptying, which may affect the absorption of oral medications, including levothyroxine.
If you are taking any other medications—especially insulin, antibiotics, or medications that affect blood sugar—it’s important to talk to your doctor about potential interactions.
Now that we’ve covered potential interactions, let’s look at who stands to benefit most from Semaglutide.
Who Can Benefit from Semaglutide? Is This Treatment Right for You?
Semaglutide is typically prescribed for people with type 2 diabetes or those who are overweight or obese. It’s often recommended for individuals with a BMI of 30 or more or those with a BMI of 27 or more who have at least one weight-related health issue like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes.
However, like any medication, there are certain groups of people who should avoid Semaglutide. Let’s take a look at the precautions.
Who Should Avoid Semaglutide? Important Precautions to Consider
People with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 should not take semaglutide. Additionally, those who have had a serious allergic reaction to the drug or suffer from pancreatitis should avoid using it.
Once you’ve determined that Semaglutide is right for you, the next step is knowing where to get it.
Where Can You Get Semaglutide? Your Guide to Accessing the Treatment
Interested in exploring Semaglutide for weight loss or diabetes management? Speak with our healthcare provider to see if it's the right option for you. For more information, visit agemd.com/weight-loss today!
Sources :
Obesity, Race/Ethnicity, and COVID-19. (2024, February 5). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/obesity-and-covid-19.html
About obesity. (2024, January 23). Obesity. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/php/about/index.html
Kommu, S., & Whitfield, P. (2024, February 11). Semaglutide. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603723/
Rubino, D. M., Greenway, F. L., Khalid, U., O’Neil, P. M., Rosenstock, J., Sørrig, R., Wadden, T. A., Wizert, A., Garvey, W. T., Arauz-Pacheco, C., Cannon, K., Downey, H. J., Fitz-Patrick, D., Geohas, J., Gerety, G., Gilbert, J., Hollander, P., Klein, E., Laufer, K., . . . Toth, P. (2022). Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes. JAMA, 327(2), 138. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23619
Husain, M., Birkenfeld, A. L., Donsmark, M., Dungan, K., Eliaschewitz, F. G., Franco, D. R., Jeppesen, O. K., Lingvay, I., Mosenzon, O., Pedersen, S. D., Tack, C. J., Thomsen, M., Vilsbøll, T., Warren, M. L., & Bain, S. C. (2019). Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(9), 841–851. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1901118
Wilding, J. P., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., McGowan, B. M., Rosenstock, J., Tran, M. T., Wadden, T. A., Wharton, S., Yokote, K., Zeuthen, N., & Kushner, R. F. (2021). Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), 989–1002. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032183
Current version
Oct 4, 2024
Written by
Eileen Quinones (Certified Family Nurse Practitioner)
Lose weight effectively
with GLP-1s
Fill out a quick form to share your
medical history, helping us tailor the
perfect plan for you.
Semaglutide: A Breakthrough for Weight Loss and Diabetes Management
Semaglutide
Eileen Quinones
•
15 mins read
• Oct 4, 2024
Semaglutide has been making waves in the world of weight loss and diabetes management. Originally developed for type 2 diabetes, this medication has shown promising results in helping people shed excess weight. In this blog, we'll dive into what Semaglutide is, how it works, its benefits, and what you need to know before using it.
Obesity Epidemic in the USA (Includes Statistics and FDA Data)
The U.S. is facing a growing crisis of diet-related chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. Poor nutrition is a major contributor, particularly in racial and ethnic minority groups, low-income populations, and rural areas.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the risks for people with obesity and related conditions, who experienced more severe symptoms. In 2021, the CDC reported sharp increases in Body Mass Index (BMI), especially in children and those already overweight.¹
Obesity is a widespread and costly issue, affecting 1 in 5 children and 2 in 5 adults in the U.S. It increases the risk of conditions like heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers, costing the healthcare system $173 billion annually. Obesity also impacts military readiness, with only 2 in 5 young adults meeting weight requirements for basic training.²
Key Factors Contributing to Obesity:
Less than 1 in 10 people eat the recommended amount of vegetables.
Fewer than 1 in 4 youths get enough aerobic exercise.
Only 1 in 4 adults meet physical activity guidelines.
While these statistics may seem bleak, there’s hope. New medical breakthroughs have provided powerful tools to fight this crisis, and one of the most promising is Semaglutide.
Semaglutide: A Surprising Breakthrough in Weight Loss?³
The GLP-1 class of drugs was inspired by a hormone found in the venom of the Gila monster, called exendin-4, which led to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists like Byetta®. However, semaglutide itself is a synthetic version of human GLP-1, not directly from lizard venom. In 1995, a scientist discovered that hormones found in the venom of the Gila monster could help regulate blood sugar. By 2005, researchers had developed a synthetic version of one of these hormones, known as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, which could be used to treat type 2 diabetes. This breakthrough led to the development of drugs like Byetta®, Victoza®, and Saxenda®, all of which helped control blood sugar and promote weight loss. However, they required daily injections, which made them less convenient.
That’s when Danish pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk developed semaglutide, a longer-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist. Initially designed to treat type 2 diabetes, semaglutide was first tested in mice, then moved to human clinical trials. In these trials, researchers noticed an interesting side effect—patients were losing weight. This unexpected benefit led to further studies on semaglutide’s potential as a weight-loss drug.
Semaglutide was approved by the FDA in 2017 under the brand name Ozempic for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It was later approved as Wegovy in 2021 for chronic weight management, making it a popular choice for people looking to lose weight.
How long has semaglutide been used?
Ozempic was FDA-approved in 2017 for type 2 diabetes and is often used off-label for weight loss.
Wegovy was FDA-approved in 2021 specifically for weight loss.
Because of its effectiveness, semaglutide has become increasingly popular. Compounded versions (which are not FDA-approved) are now available through specialized pharmacies to meet the rising demand.
But how exactly does Semaglutide help people lose weight? The answer lies in the science behind its mechanism of action.
How Semaglutide Works: The Science Behind the Weight Loss
Semaglutide is a type of drug known as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. GLP-1 is a hormone naturally produced in the body that helps regulate blood sugar by stimulating insulin production and slowing down the release of another hormone called glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels.
When you take semaglutide, it binds to GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas, stimulating insulin production and reducing glucagon release. This combination helps to lower blood sugar levels, especially after meals. In addition to controlling blood sugar, semaglutide also slows down the rate at which the stomach empties, helping you feel full longer. This reduces appetite, making it easier to eat less, which is one reason why it’s effective for weight loss.
Key benefits of semaglutide:
Better control of blood sugar levels.
Reduced appetite and cravings.
Slower gastric emptying, leading to longer-lasting feelings of fullness.
Weight loss as a result of reduced calorie intake.
When used alongside a healthy diet and regular exercise, semaglutide can lead to long-term weight loss and improved metabolic health.
While weight loss is a significant benefit, Semaglutide offers more than just that. It provides a range of health improvements that make it a valuable treatment for various conditions.³
Why Semaglutide is More Than Just a Weight Loss Drug
Semaglutide offers a range of benefits, particularly for weight loss and cardiovascular health. In clinical trials, participants taking semaglutide for weight loss experienced an average reduction in body weight of up to 17.4% over a 68-week period. This is a significant result, especially compared to other weight loss drugs.⁴
Semaglutide also provides cardiovascular benefits. In people with diabetes or obesity, the drug has been shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes. In one large study, participants who took semaglutide had a 26% lower risk of heart-related problems compared to those who didn’t.⁵
The drug has also been shown to lower cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation, both of which are important for heart health. These additional benefits make semaglutide an attractive option for people not only looking to lose weight but also aiming to improve their overall health.
One of Semaglutide’s most notable effects is its ability to help regulate blood sugar, which is especially important for those with type 2 diabetes.
Semaglutide and Blood Sugar: How It Helps Your Body Work Better
Semaglutide helps control blood sugar levels by enhancing the body’s ability to use insulin more effectively. It also lowers the amount of sugar the liver produces and reduces appetite by slowing the emptying of the stomach, making you feel full longer.
Understanding how Semaglutide works is essential, but how is it taken? Let’s dive into the details of dosage and delivery.
Taking Semaglutide: What You Need to Know About Dosage and Delivery⁶
Semaglutide is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin) once a week.
The dosage for semaglutide will vary depending on whether you are using it for type 2 diabetes or weight loss. The general dosing guidelines are:
For type 2 diabetes: Start with 0.25 mg injected once a week for 4 weeks. Your doctor may increase the dose as needed, but it typically won’t exceed 2 mg per week.
For weight management: Start with 0.25 mg injected once a week, with the dose gradually increased every 4 weeks, up to a maximum of 2.4 mg per week.
It’s important to follow the dosing and administration schedule prescribed by your healthcare provider to ensure the medication works effectively.
For more detailed information on dosage guidelines, check out our Semaglutide Dosage Chart blog.
Once you start taking Semaglutide, you might wonder—how long will it take to see results?
When Will You See Results? Your Semaglutide Timeline.
Short-term effects (1-4 weeks):
During the first few weeks, you may notice a decrease in appetite and begin to feel fuller after eating. This early reduction in hunger often leads to the first signs of weight loss.
Medium-term effects (5-20 weeks):
As the dose of semaglutide is gradually increased, its effects become more pronounced. Most people will see steady and significant weight loss during this period.
Long-term effects (20+ weeks):
For many, the benefits of semaglutide extend beyond the initial months. With continued use, people experience sustained weight loss and improvements in their metabolic health. However, it’s crucial to continue a healthy eating and exercise routine for lasting results.
Factors that influence how fast semaglutide works:
Metabolism: Individuals with higher metabolic rates may process the medication faster, requiring higher doses to achieve desired effects. Conversely, those with slower metabolisms may experience longer-lasting effects.
Adherence: Following your prescribed treatment plan and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are key to seeing the full benefits of semaglutide.
While the results are promising, it’s important to be aware of potential side effects. Let’s take a closer look at what you might experience and how to manage them.
Side Effects and Safety of Semaglutide³
Like any medication, semaglutide can cause side effects, but most are mild and tend to improve as your body adjusts. Here’s what to expect and tips to manage them:
Common Side Effects:
Nausea: Often occurs early on but usually decreases with time.
Vomiting: Some users experience this, particularly in the beginning.
Diarrhea or Constipation: Digestive upset, including diarrhea or constipation, is possible.
Abdominal Pain: Mild to moderate stomach pain may occur.
How to Manage Them:
For Nausea: Start with a lower dose, eat small meals, and avoid rich or spicy foods. Ginger or peppermint tea can also help.
For Vomiting: Stick to bland foods like crackers and stay hydrated.
For Diarrhea or Constipation: Drink plenty of water. For constipation, increase fiber intake and exercise lightly.
For Abdominal Pain: Light physical activity, like walking, and over-the-counter antacids (with doctor approval) can help.
Serious but Rare Side Effects:
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use may lower B12 levels; consider B12-rich foods or supplements.
Thyroid Tumors: A rare risk based on animal studies. People with a history of thyroid cancer should avoid it.
Pancreatitis: Watch for sudden, severe abdominal pain and seek immediate medical help.
Gallbladder Issues: Sudden sharp pain in the upper abdomen may signal gallbladder problems.
When to Seek Help:
If you experience severe or persistent side effects, such as intense stomach pain or symptoms of low blood sugar, contact your doctor immediately.
Reassurance:
Most side effects are mild and fade as your body adjusts. Work with your healthcare provider to manage any discomfort. The benefits of semaglutide, including weight loss and improved blood sugar control, often outweigh these temporary effects.
It’s also important to consider whether Semaglutide might interact with other medications you’re taking. Let’s explore how it fits into a broader medication plan.
Will Semaglutide Interact with My Other Medications? What You Need to Know
Because semaglutide slows down the emptying of the stomach, it can affect how other medications are absorbed. In general, it doesn’t interfere with many common medications like birth control pills, metformin, or blood pressure medications. There is limited evidence regarding interactions with levothyroxine, but semaglutide can slow gastric emptying, which may affect the absorption of oral medications, including levothyroxine.
If you are taking any other medications—especially insulin, antibiotics, or medications that affect blood sugar—it’s important to talk to your doctor about potential interactions.
Now that we’ve covered potential interactions, let’s look at who stands to benefit most from Semaglutide.
Who Can Benefit from Semaglutide? Is This Treatment Right for You?
Semaglutide is typically prescribed for people with type 2 diabetes or those who are overweight or obese. It’s often recommended for individuals with a BMI of 30 or more or those with a BMI of 27 or more who have at least one weight-related health issue like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes.
However, like any medication, there are certain groups of people who should avoid Semaglutide. Let’s take a look at the precautions.
Who Should Avoid Semaglutide? Important Precautions to Consider
People with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 should not take semaglutide. Additionally, those who have had a serious allergic reaction to the drug or suffer from pancreatitis should avoid using it.
Once you’ve determined that Semaglutide is right for you, the next step is knowing where to get it.
Where Can You Get Semaglutide? Your Guide to Accessing the Treatment
Interested in exploring Semaglutide for weight loss or diabetes management? Speak with our healthcare provider to see if it's the right option for you. For more information, visit agemd.com/weight-loss today!
Current version
Oct 4, 2024
Written by
Eileen Quinones (Certified Family Nurse Practitioner)
Fact checked by
Dr. Jonathan Hinds (MD, FACEP, Certified Physician)
Lose weight effectively
with GLP-1s
Fill out a quick form to share your
medical history, helping us tailor the
perfect plan for you.
Lose weight effectively
with GLP-1s
Fill out a quick form to share your
medical history, helping us tailor the
perfect plan for you.
Sources :
Obesity, Race/Ethnicity, and COVID-19. (2024, February 5). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/obesity-and-covid-19.html
About obesity. (2024, January 23). Obesity. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/php/about/index.html
Kommu, S., & Whitfield, P. (2024, February 11). Semaglutide. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK603723/
Rubino, D. M., Greenway, F. L., Khalid, U., O’Neil, P. M., Rosenstock, J., Sørrig, R., Wadden, T. A., Wizert, A., Garvey, W. T., Arauz-Pacheco, C., Cannon, K., Downey, H. J., Fitz-Patrick, D., Geohas, J., Gerety, G., Gilbert, J., Hollander, P., Klein, E., Laufer, K., . . . Toth, P. (2022). Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes. JAMA, 327(2), 138. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23619
Husain, M., Birkenfeld, A. L., Donsmark, M., Dungan, K., Eliaschewitz, F. G., Franco, D. R., Jeppesen, O. K., Lingvay, I., Mosenzon, O., Pedersen, S. D., Tack, C. J., Thomsen, M., Vilsbøll, T., Warren, M. L., & Bain, S. C. (2019). Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(9), 841–851. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1901118
Wilding, J. P., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., McGowan, B. M., Rosenstock, J., Tran, M. T., Wadden, T. A., Wharton, S., Yokote, K., Zeuthen, N., & Kushner, R. F. (2021). Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), 989–1002. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032183